Identification of 2-Imidazopyridine and 2-Aminopyridone Purinones as Potent Pan-Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors for the Inhaled Treatment of Respiratory Diseases

J Med Chem. 2019 Oct 24;62(20):9045-9060. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00533. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

Abstract

Janus kinases (JAKs) have a key role in regulating the expression and function of relevant inflammatory cytokines involved in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Herein are described the design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of a series of novel purinone JAK inhibitors with profiles suitable for inhaled administration. Replacement of the imidazopyridine hinge binding motif present in the initial compounds of this series with a pyridone ring resulted in the mitigation of cell cytotoxicity. Further systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) efforts driven by structural biology studies led to the discovery of pyridone 34, a potent pan-JAK inhibitor with good selectivity, long lung retention time, low oral bioavailability, and proven efficacy in the lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of airway inflammation by the inhaled route.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / chemistry*
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Janus Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / drug therapy
  • Pyridines / chemistry*
  • Pyridones / chemistry*
  • Rats
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Imidazoles
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyridines
  • Pyridones
  • imidazopyridine
  • Janus Kinases